Ambient air pollution in urban areas and indoor air pollution are associated with. Burden of disease attributable to major air pollution sources in india the air pollution challenge india has some of the highest levels of outdoor air pollution in the world. The global transportation sector is a major source of this health burden. Air pollution and cardiovascular and respiratory disease.
Heart disease, stroke and air pollution air research. Air pollution and heart disease research air pollution is known to cause a variety of health problems, including effects on the heart, nervous, and vascular system. Air pollution centers for disease control and prevention. Air pollution and its effects on health case studies, india. The global burden of disease report 9 identified in 2012 that air pollution. Heart disease, stroke, lung disease and cancers, are among the top five causes of death today, and onequarter to onethird of deaths from these diseases are due to air pollution according to the who estimates. The clinical handbook of air pollution related diseases will greatly assist doctors. Pdf causes, consequences and control of air pollution. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. Epidemiological and related evidence implicates exposure to fine particulate matter pm 2. Diseases caused by air pollution greentumble air pollution july 20, 2018 take a breathersomething we do or suggest to others they do a few times a day to catch our breath after some exercise or to just take a break after some particularly stressful or hard activity. Globally, air pollution is responsible for about 25% of all adult deaths from stroke, 24% from heart disease, 43% from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd and 29% from lung cancer, the who estimates show. But if you are concerned about air pollution, there is a free and easy to use service that allows you to.
Air pollution is controllable and, therefore, many of these adverse health effects. Air pollution a leading cause of ncd deaths most air pollution related deaths are from noncommunicable diseases ncds. Health experts urge the government to develop a plan to improve air quality as about 45. Sensitive populations include children, older adults, people who are active outdoors, and people with heart or lung diseases, such as asthma. Air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Exposure to polluted air not only worsens asthma and increases asthmarelated hospitalization rates, but also plays a role in the development of this respiratory condition. Meanwhile, pollutionrelated diseases are attributed to exposure to toxins in the air, water, and soil. Heart disease, stroke, and outdoor air pollution pdf 2 pp, 449 k. A significant body of research has shown that longterm exposure to fine particulate matter, known as pm 2. Mortality risk and fine particulate air pollution in a. Air pollution is the fifth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. Air pollution diseases, causes and effects of air pollution. Bcl2 is only one member of a large group of related proteins with conserved homology domains.
The commission concluded that the worst forms of pollution and pollution related disease can be curbed in all countries by applying the proven technical and legal strategies that have successfully and costeffectively controlled pollution in highincome and, more recently, some middleincome countries. Integration for air quality and health september 21, 2016 air pollution and gastrointestinal diseases in utah melissa may maestas, almost ph. Ghanas disease burden attributable to air pollution related deaths increased substantially between 2012 and 2016. It creates smog and acid rain, causes cancer and respiratory diseases, reduces the ozone layer atmosphere and. Air pollution is the second leading cause of deaths from noncommunicable diseases ncds, after tobaccosmoking. Air pollution is today considered as the worlds most serious environmental health. More than half of the global burden of disease from air pollution is borne. A global snapshot of the air pollutionrelated health. All in all, ambient outdoor and household indoor air pollution caused more than 6 million deaths from these diseases in 2012. The most comprehensive air pollution estimates available from both satellite and indian groundlevel measurements of fine particulate matter pm 2. Air pollution and gastrointestinal diseases in utah. And these are the 10 countries with the highest air pollution related death tolls in 2016, according to the imhe data.
Most air pollutionrelated deaths are from heart disease and stroke, followed by chronic. Traffic related air pollution is a significant contributor to ambient air pollution and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. In this article, we have thoroughly discussed the types, causes and impacts of different pollutions affecting humankind. Welcome to cdc stacks centers for disease control and. Asthma and outdoor air pollution epa pdf icon pdf 499 kb external icon.
Air pollution, climate and health world health organization. Some evidence supports an association of transportation related air pollution with increased risks of lung cancer, myocardial infarction, increased. Sensitive individuals are people who suffer from heart and lung diseases. Indoor air pollution, related human diseases, and recent trends in the control and improvement of indoor air quality vinh van tran 1,2, duckshin park 3, and youngchul lee 2, 1 institute of research and development, duy tan university, da nang 550000, vietnam. Both long and shortterm exposure to air pollution can cause cardiovascular diseases, respiratory dis. Air pollution related to traffic and chronic respiratory. Transportation related air pollution, which is a significant contributor to total urban air pollution, increases the risks of cardiopulmonary related deaths and nonallergic respiratory disease. In 2018, the third united nations highlevel meeting on ncds recognized household and outdoor air pollution as a risk factor for ncds, alongside unhealthy diets, tobaccosmoking, harmful use of alcohol and physical inactivity. Pdf air pollution as a significant cause of diseases and. The air is certainly a lot cleaner today than in the days of the smogs of the 1950s, when factory chimneys belched out smoke and nearly everyone had a coal fire. Learn the facts about air pollution and how you can keep your heart healthy. Air pollution threatens the health of humans and other living beings in our planet. Environment and related topics have nowadays become very important for upsc, state pcs and other govt competitive exams. Atmospheric pollution is a hazard factor for human health, even the level of air pollution is very low.
Review indoor air pollution, related human diseases, and. Over the past 10 years, a growing number of epidemiological studies have suggested that trap could be linked to hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Six are also in the top 10 most populous nations in the world. Secondhand smoke can increase the incidence of these diseases, as well as carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. Climate change has potential to worsen levels of ambient air pollution and to aggravate the. In the second section, the consequences of air pollution on health are documented.
Cardiovascular diseases cvds and respiratory disease resd were responsible for respectively 72% and 14% of these deaths. The most susceptible people to air pollution are children 2 4and the elderly 58. Air pollution kills the most people in these countries. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Watch a short video about air quality changes, and learn what communities can do to prepare. Air plays a vital role not only in nature but also in the lives of human beings and all living organisms. Health effects of ambient air pollution in developing countries mdpi. The effect of industryrelated air pollution on lung. Data on air quality indicators is becoming increasingly available and the science underlying the related health impact is also evolving rapidly3. These include stroke and heart disease, respiratory illness and cancers. The health risks of breathing dirty air include respiratory infections and cardiovascular diseases, stroke, chronic lung disease and lung cancer. Chronic exposure to urban air pollution affects lung function, increases the risk of cvd and lung cancer, alters immunity, induces dna and chromosomal damage and increases the prevalence of depression and neurobehavioral symptoms the changes were positively associated with pm 10 and pm 2.
Air pollution is also related to asthma, a condition in which the airways swell, narrow and produce extra mucus, making it difficult to breathe. Whoeurope noncommunicable diseases and air pollution 2019. Air pollution, heavy industry, respiratory symptoms, lung function, school children background air pollution is a complex mixture of different gaseous and particulate components and can cause several health effects. Air pollution from energy production, transport, industry, agriculture and households is the number one environmental threat to health in europe and globally1. Air pollution can be harmful to heart health and may make it more likely that some people will have a heart attack or stroke. However, some groups of people are especially sensitive to common air pollutants such as particulates and groundlevel ozone. Living organisms can survive without water for some time but cannot survive without air because when we breathe then we intake oxygen from air and releases carbon dioxide, if this procedure does not take. There is growing evidence that oxides of nitrogen nox, a. Heart disease, stroke, and outdoor air pollutionexternal icon.
Ambient air pollution is the leading environmental health risk factor globally, resulting in nearly 3. Atopic and urticarial skin disease, acne, and skin aging are linked to air pollution. This is one of the most common diseases that can affect the humans breathing in the polluted air. Trafficrelated air pollution and hypertensive disorders.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases were linked to air pollution. In 2018, the third united nations highlevel meeting on ncds recognized household and outdoor air pollution as a risk factor for ncds, alongside. Air pollution as a significant cause of diseases and premature death. Air pollution and noncommunicable diseases chest journal. Theory of environmental pollution is one among them. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in the header. The world health organization who recognises air pollution as a leading risk factor for major chronic diseases in adults, including heart and lung disease as well as cancer. Find out how you can protect yourself if youre living with asthma. Air pollution can make it harder for people with asthma and other respiratory breathing diseases to breathe. Consequences of air pollution co 2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space, which produces the socalled greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the earth during the night.
Epidemiology of air pollution related to traffic and asthma in africa in durban, one of the most polluted cities in south africa, it was shown that children in schools in southern durban had a higher prevalence of asthma than. Air pollution is undoubtedly associated with a variety of diseases, and thus serves as an indirect cause of mortality. This is a chronic disease in which inflammation is caused in the air passages of the human body and the person finds it difficult to breathe. In terms of global disease burden, air pollution is the cause of over onethird of deaths from stroke, lung cancer, and chronic respiratory disease, and onequarter of deaths from ischaemic heart disease.
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